DIFFERENT METAL LASER MARKING PROCESSES

When marking metal, you need to consider the type of metal to be marked, as well as your application and manufacturing needs to find the most suitable marking process.

In particular, it is possible to use superficial micro-engraving (etching), deep engraving (engraving) or through an alteration of the surface creating contrast (annealing) to mark metal objects.

Depending on the application, it will therefore be necessary to select a suitable marking process by varying the operating parameters of the laser marking device.

Different options for laser marking

On the one hand, etching works on the heat given by the laser beam due to the high energy released on a small area portion of material and the consequent expansion of the material itself creating a permanent marking. The marking will result with an excellent degree of contrast, without neglecting the cycle time.

Engraving physically removes the material through the laser beam, vaporizing it, to reach important depth targets. In this way you will have very deep markings, resistant even in complex environmental conditions, resistant to superficial abrasions and many metal treatments. In this case the marking cycle time is extended.

Last, but not least, annealing is the most efficient solution in the case of material protection as, by working only at a superficial level by discoloring the component, it involves minimal or no variation in the physical properties of the marked element. It is a chemical process of carbon migration where the slow heating of the material through the laser beam causes the diffusion and binding of oxygen beneath the surface.

Which is the best marking process?

Choosing an appropriate marking technique for your company can improve product quality, improve compliance, and simplify the marking process, helping you gain a competitive advantage in your industry.

While they are easy to automate, etching is the most efficient as it is the fastest process requiring the least laser power. However, if the need is to have markings that offer maximum durability, it is better to opt for engraving, since the marks are much deeper.

Annealing is the slowest marking process as it uses low power for long periods to mark objects. While this process allows for some color variation, it also helps prevent oxidation and rust, as the process does not create cracks in the metal.

When selecting a marking process, the application must be considered. If marking speed is essential for your application, you should opt for etching. For long-lasting markings, it is better to choose engraving and, if the primary need is for objects to be rust-free or to operate in environments with strict health and safety regulations, the right direction will be annealing.

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